Development of a scientific basis for heat treatment technology for high-speed steels
Abstract
This study aims to optimize the heat treatment technology for M2 high-speed steel, enhancing its operational durability by investigating the effects of various heat treatment parameters. Experimental investigations were conducted at Osh Technological University, Kyrgyzstan, on M2 steel samples subjected to different heating rates (20 °C min-1, 35 °C min-1, and 50 °C min-1), holding times (10 - 60 min), and quenching environments (oil, water, and nitrogen). The results demonstrated that moderate heating rates (35 °C min-1) and a holding time of 30 min at 1250 °C produced an optimal balance between grain size and residual austenite content, contributing to improved hardness, wear resistance, and structural stability. Water quenching resulted in the highest hardness (860 HV30) but introduced significant residual stresses, while nitrogen quenching reduced stresses but decreased hardness. Oil quenching was identified as the most balanced method. The study highlights the importance of controlling heating rates, holding times, and tempering conditions, with tempering at 580 °C recommended for maximum wear resistance. The findings provide practical insights for industrial applications, offering an optimal heat treatment mode for high-speed steels.
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