Monographic study of Terminalia albida used in the treatment of malaria in Guinean traditional medicine: A literature review

Résumé

Abstract:

The development of plant monographs commonly used in traditional medicine is an essential element in contributing to the safety of plant use. This review aims to contribute to the elaboration of the monograph of Terminilia albida, whose antiplasmodial activities have been demonstrated. A complete review of the literature searching scientific databases covering international peer-reviewed journals was conducted. As search terms, the scientific plant name was used, as such and in combination with “antiplasmodial or antimalarial, pharmacological activity, chemical composition”. Data from Doctoral dissertations were also collected.

The macroscopic description focused on the shape, color and arrangement of the leaves, flower and seeds of Terminalia albida. For the identification of anatomical elements, microscopic analysis was performed. The results noted the presence of medullary ray and cortical parenchyma in the transverse sections, as well as sclerotic cells and starch grains in the powders of the stems of the plant. Anti-plasmodial, immunomodulatory and anti-oxidant properties have been demonstrated. The phytochemical composition and toxicological data were also reported for a complete monograph of the plant. These data could serve as a basis for the development of an improved traditional drug in the management of uncomplicated malaria in Guinea.

 Keywords: Terminalia albida, monography, antiplasmodial activity.