Caractérisation du mélange combustible des déchets solides ménagers (DSM) de la ville d’Abomey-Calavi : Elaboration du déchet modèle

Résumé

Characterization of the fuel mixture of municipal solid waste (MSW) from the city of Abomey-Calavi: Development of a model waste.

African cities and capitals in particular have, for the most part, experienced rapid population growth over the past four decades. This growth, often exponential, poses major challenges for public authorities and decision-makers in the management of cities, particularly in the field of sanitation, collection and treatment of household waste (HW). The city of Abomey-Calavi is currently implementing its HW management policy. The objective of this study is to make the physico-chemical characterization of solid household waste (MSW) in the city of Abomey-Calavi. Indeed, the implementation of an effective HW treatment system requires a good knowledge of the characteristics of these wastes in order to adopt the most appropriate routes and treatments. However, the high heterogeneity of MSW makes their composition very complex. Thus, the methodology adopted in this study is based on the proposal of a model waste to determine the physico-chemical parameters of the city’s MSW. The fuel model based on the typological characterization of household waste in the city of Abomey-Calavi according to each season showed that the fuel fraction of the city’s dry MSW is mainly composed of organic materials comparable to a mixture consisting of 88% wood, 7% cardboard and 5% plastic. Its calculated moisture content is 8.97% and its lower calorific value (LCV) is 18 684 kJ/kg.

This knowledge of the proportions of essential constituents allows us to have an overall idea about the physicochemical properties of the waste in the city. This helps to guide the choice of treatment types for waste and, secondly, reduces the cost of laboratory studies if they are carried out on actual waste. Finally, this knowledge will help to master the reproducibility of laboratory experiments.

Keywords: MSW ; HW ; LCV ; Bulk formula ; Thermogravimetric Analysis.